Mandarin Swear Words

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese_profanity

Executive Summary:

bàojúhuā (爆菊花) = explode the chrysanthemum (anus), i.e., insert the penis into the anus

cào nǐ zǔzōng shíbā dài (肏你祖宗十八代) = fuck your ancestors to the eighteenth generation

wángbā (王八) / wàngbā (忘八) = cuckold; this was an insult as early as the Song dynasty.

wángbādàn (王八蛋, informal simplified: 王八旦) / wàngbāgāozi (王八羔子) = bastard (lit. "turtle egg" and "turtle kid.")

wǒ kào (我靠 or 我尻) – "Well fuck me!", "Fuck!", "Fuckin' awesome!" or "Holy shit!" (Originally from Taiwan, this expression has spread to the mainland, where it is generally not considered to be vulgar. 尻originally meant "butt.")

There are many, many more insults in the link.